These terms are frequently used interchangeably, despite the difference in meaning. To help ease the confusion, I have outlined the differences between the terms reading disorder and dyslexia so you feel better educated and are able to use them accurately in the future! According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association , labels for reading disorders include :.
On this test, a scaled score of is considered the average range. Students A and B are examples of profiles that may suggest a reading disorder. However, their reading comprehension fell moderately below the average range. This student may be diagnosed with a Reading Disorder. However, their reading comprehension and accuracy was age-appropriate. Dyslexia is a type of reading disorder. Dyslexia is primarily a disorder of phonological processing and reading fluency. Students with dyslexia often struggle to identify the sounds for a particular letter or segment a group of letters.
This might include textbooks with more complex sentence structure, longer novels and longer written assignments like essays.
People with dyslexia may see a word, recognize it and know its meaning but be unable to pronounce it or may struggle with retrieving words while writing. A reading disability is a generic term for a specific learning disability in areas of basic reading skills, reading comprehension and reading fluency.
Dyslexia is a specialized term for a specific set of traits in the reading process that falls under the general category of specific learning disability in reading. Individuals with specialized training can offer remedial techniques for dyslexia in a highly structured, multisensory approach to teaching reading. Specific learning disabilities in reading and dyslexia are diagnosed through an educational evaluation.
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Click the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our newsletters. For educators: Learn about structured literacy and get strategies for teaching reading. But they do know that genes and brain differences play a role. Here are some of the possible causes of dyslexia:. Genes and heredity: Dyslexia often runs in families. About 40 percent of siblings of people with dyslexia also struggle with reading. As many as 49 percent of parents of kids with dyslexia have it, too.
Scientists have also found genes linked to problems with reading and processing language. Brain anatomy and activity: Brain imaging studies have shown brain differences between people with and without dyslexia.
These differences happen in areas of the brain involved with key reading skills. Those skills are knowing how sounds are represented in words, and recognizing what written words look like.
Hear Lola, whose son has dyslexia, open up about her own diagnosis. But the brain can change. Studies show that brain activity in people with dyslexia changes after they get proper instruction or tutoring. And scientists are learning more all the time. Watch a video about dyslexia and the brain.
See how reading changes the brain. Take a peek inside a day in the life of a teen with dyslexia. The only way to know for sure if someone has dyslexia is through a full evaluation, done either at school or privately. Having a diagnosis schools call it an identification can lead to supports and services at school, and accommodations at college and work.
There are a few types of professionals who can assess people for dyslexia. These include school psychologists, clinical psychologists, and neuropsychologists.
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